Isithando Somlilo se-VAD Esivuselelayo

I-VAD isifinyezo se-vacuum arc degassing, indlela ye-VAD yathuthukiswa yinkampani iFinkl kanye nenkampani iMohr, ngakho-ke ibizwa nangokuthi indlela yeFinkl-Mohr noma indlela yeFinkl-VAD. Isithando somlilo se-VAD sisetshenziswa kakhulu ukucubungula insimbi yekhabhoni, insimbi yamathuluzi, insimbi ethwala, insimbi eguquguqukayo ephezulu njalo njalo.

Imishini yokucwenga i-VAD yakhiwe kakhulu ngendebe yensimbi, uhlelo lwe-vacuum, imishini yokushisa kagesi ye-arc kanye nemishini yokwengeza i-ferroalloy.

Izici zendlela ye-VAD

1. Umphumela omuhle wokukhipha igesi ngesikhathi sokushisa, ngoba ukushisa kwe-arc kagesi kwenziwa esimweni se-vacuum.
2. Ingalungisa ngokunembile izinga lokushisa lokuphotha uketshezi lwensimbi, ulwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwendebe yensimbi lungavuselela ukushisa ngokwanele, ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kuzinzile ngesikhathi sokuphotha.
3. Uketshezi lwensimbi lungavuselelwa ngokugcwele ngesikhathi sokucwengisisa, ukwakheka koketshezi lwensimbi kuzinzile.
4. Inani elikhulu le-alloy lingafakwa oketshezini lwensimbi, uhla lwezinhlobo zokuncibilikisa lubanzi.
5. Izinto zokususa i-slagging nezinye izinto zokususa i-slagging zingangezwa ukuze kususwe i-sulfurization, kususwe i-carburization. Uma isibhamu se-oxygen sifakwe embozweni we-vacuum, indlela yokususa i-oxygen ye-vacuum ingasetshenziswa ekuncibilikiseni insimbi engagqwali enekhabhoni ephansi kakhulu.

Umsebenzi we-VAD furnace steel ladle ulingana ne-electric arc smelting furnace. I-VAD furnace isebenza esimweni se-vacuum, i-steel ladle lisebenza kahle uma i-steel liquid kanye ne-slag chemical corruption kanye ne-mechanical washing, okwamanje, imisebe yokushisa ye-arc kagesi inamandla, izinga lokushisa liphezulu, indawo eshisayo izoba nomonakalo omkhulu. Ngokungezwa kwe-slagging agent, i-slag corruption iba nkulu, ikakhulukazi indawo ye-slag line kanye nengxenye engenhla, izinga lokugqwala lishesha kakhulu.

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokuphikisa ze-VAD ladle lining kufanele kusetshenziswe izinhlobo ezahlukene zezitini zokuphikisa ngokwesimo sangempela sobuciko, ukuze impilo yesevisi iqhubeke isikhathi eside futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokuphikisa kuncishiswe.

Izinto ezisebenzisa i-refractory ezisetshenziswa endleleni ye-VAD zifaka phakathi: izitini ze-magnesia chrome, izitini ze-magnesia carbon, izitini ze-dolomite njalo njalo.

I-lining esebenzayo isebenzisa kakhulu izitini ze-magnesia chrome eziboshiwe ngqo, izitini ze-magnesite chrome eziboshiwe kabusha kanye nezitini ze-magnesia chromite eziboshiwe kancane, izitini ze-magnesite carbon, izitini ze-alumina eziphezulu ezishisiwe noma ezingashisiwe kanye nezitini ze-dolomite eziphathwe ngokushisa okuphansi, njll. I-lining ehlala njalo ivame ukusebenzisa izitini ze-magnesia chrome ezisetshenziswa kabanzi, izitini ze-fireclay kanye nezitini ze-alumina eziphakeme ezilula.

Kwamanye ama-VAD furnaces, ulwelwesi olusebenza ngaphansi kweladle luvame ukusebenzisa izitini ze-zircon kanye nezingxube ze-zircon refractory ramming. Ngaphansi komugqa we-slag ingxenye imbozwe ngezitini ze-alumina eziphakeme. Ingxenye yomugqa we-slag yakhiwe ngezitini ze-chrome ze-magnesia eziboshiwe ngqo. Ngaphezulu komugqa we-slag indawo eshisayo yakhiwe ngezitini ze-carbon ze-magnesia eziboshiwe ngqo, kanti ingxenye esele iyizitini ezisebenza ngezitini ze-chromite ze-magnesite eziboshiwe ngqo.

Ingxenye yomugqa we-VAD ladles slag iphinde isebenzise izitini ze-magnesia chrome eziboshiwe ngqo kanye nezitini ze-magnesia chrome ezihlanganisiwe. Ulwelwesi olusebenza ngaphansi lwe-ladle lumbozwe ngezitini ze-zircon. Ipulaki enezimbobo isekelwe ku-alumina mullite ephezulu, kanti ezinye izingxenye zakhiwe ngezitini ze-alumina eziphakeme ezingashiswanga.