Kulinganiselwa ukuthi umkhiqizo womhlaba wonke wezinto eziphikisayo ufinyelele cishe ku-45×106t ngonyaka, futhi ulokhu uqhubeka nokukhula unyaka nonyaka.
Imboni yensimbi iseyimakethe eyinhloko yezinto ezingaphili, idla cishe u-71% womkhiqizo waminyaka yonke wokungaphili. Eminyakeni eyi-15 edlule, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe emhlabeni kuphindwe kabili, kwafinyelela ku-1,623×106t ngo-2015, lapho cishe u-50% wawo ukhiqizwa eShayina. Eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, ukukhula kwesimende, izinto zobumba kanye neminye imikhiqizo yamaminerali kuzohambisana nalesi simo sokukhula, futhi ukwanda kwezinto ezingaphili ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo yamaminerali yensimbi nengeyona eyensimbi kuzoqhubeka nokugcina ukukhula kwemakethe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingaphili kuzo zonke izindawo kuyaqhubeka nokwehla. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970, ukusetshenziswa kwekhabhoni kube yinto egxile kuyo. Izitini ezingashiswanga eziqukethe ikhabhoni zisetshenziswe kabanzi emikhunjini yokwenza insimbi nensimbi ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingaphili. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaCastables esimende aphansi aqala ukuthatha indawo yezitini eziningi ezingaphili ezingezona ezekhabhoni. Izinto ezingaphili ezingabunjwanga, njengeziphothi kanye nezinto zokujova, azigcini nje ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinto ngokwazo, kodwa futhi zithuthukisa indlela yokwakha. Uma kuqhathaniswa nolwelwesi olungaguquki lomkhiqizo omile, ukwakhiwa kuyashesha futhi isikhathi sokungasebenzi kwesithando sincishisiwe. Kunganciphisa kakhulu izindleko.
Ama-refractories angakahlelwanga ahlanganisa u-50% wemakethe yomhlaba wonke, ikakhulukazi amathuba okukhula kwama-castable nama-preforms. EJapane, njengesiqondiso somkhuba womhlaba wonke, ama-refractories e-monolithic asevele ahlanganisa u-70% womkhiqizo ophelele we-refractory ngo-2012, futhi isabelo sawo semakethe siqhubekile nokukhula.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-06-2024