Isithando somlilo esincibilikisa ingilazi siwumshini oshisayo wokuncibilikisa ingilazi eyenziwe ngezinto eziphikisayo. Ukusebenza kahle kwenkonzo kanye nokuphila kwesithando somlilo esincibilikisa ingilazi kuncike kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo kanye nekhwalithi yezinto eziphikisayo. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ingilazi kuncike kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuphikisayo. Ngakho-ke, ukukhethwa okunengqondo nokusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphikisayo kungukuqukethwe okubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kweziko lokuncibilika kwengilazi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amaphuzu amabili alandelayo kufanele aqondiswe kahle, enye yizici kanye nezingxenye ezisebenzayo zezinto ezikhethiwe eziphikisayo, kanti enye yizimo zesevisi kanye nendlela yokugqwala kwengxenye ngayinye yesithando somlilo esincibilikisa ingilazi.
Izitini ze-corundum ezihlanganisiweziyi-alumina encibilikisiwe esithandweni se-arc sikagesi futhi ziphonswe kumodeli ecacisiwe yomumo othize, zifakwe emanzini futhi zigcinwe ukushisa, bese zicutshungulwa ukuze kutholwe umkhiqizo owufunayo. Inqubo evamile yokukhiqiza iwukusebenzisa i-alumina ene-high-purity calcined (ngaphezu kuka-95%) kanye nenani elincane lezithasiselo, ufake izithako esithandweni somlilo se-arc kagesi, bese uziphonswa ezibunjweni ezenziwe ngaphambili ngemuva kokuncibilika ekushiseni okuphezulu kuka-2300 ° C. , bese iwagcina efudumele Ngemva kokuyikhipha, iyakhishwa, futhi okungenalutho okukhishiwe kuba umkhiqizo oqediwe ohlangabezana nezidingo ngemva kokusebenza okubandayo okuqondile, ukuhlanganiswa kwangaphambili nokuhlolwa.
Izitini ze-corundum ezihlanganisiwe zihlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezintathu ngokusho kwamafomu e-crystal ahlukene kanye nenani le-alumina: eyokuqala i-α-Al2O3 njengesigaba esiyinhloko se-crystal, esibizwa ngokuthi izitini ze-α-corundum; okwesibili yi-α-Al2 Izigaba ze-crystal ze-O 3 ne-β-Al2O3 ikakhulukazi kokuqukethwe okufanayo, okubizwa ngokuthi izitini ze-αβ corundum; uhlobo lwesithathu ikakhulukazi izigaba zekristalu ze-β-Al2O3, ezibizwa ngokuthi izitini ze-β corundum. Izitini ezihlanganisiwe ze-corundum ezivame ukusetshenziswa ezithandweni zokuncibilikisa ingilazi entantayo ziyizinhlobo zesibili nesesithathu, okuyizitini ezihlanganisiwe ze-αβ corundum nezitini ze-β corundum. Lesi sihloko sizogxila ezintweni ezibonakalayo namakhemikhali zezitini ezihlanganisiwe ze-αβ corundum nezitini ze-β corundum kanye nokusebenza kwazo ezithandweni zokuncibilikisa ingilazi entantayo.
1. Ukuhlaziywa kokusebenza kwezitini ze-corundum ezihlanganisiwe
1. 1 Isitini esihlanganisiwe se-αβ corundum
Izitini ezihlanganisiwe ze-αβ corundum zakhiwe cishe ngo-50% α-Al2 O 3 kanye ne-β-Al 2 O 3, futhi amakristalu amabili ahlanganiswe ukuze enze isakhiwo esiminyene kakhulu, esinokumelana okuhle kakhulu kwe-alkali corrosion. Ukumelana nokugqwala ekushiseni okuphezulu (ngaphezulu kuka-1350 ° C) kubi kancane kunezitini ze-AZS ezihlanganisiwe, kodwa emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-1350 ° C, ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo engilazini encibilikisiwe kulingana nezitini ezihlanganisiwe ze-AZS. Ngenxa yokuthi ayiqukethe i-Fe2 O 3, i-TiO 2 nokunye ukungcola, isigaba sengilazi ye-matrix sincane kakhulu, futhi indaba yangaphandle njengamabhamuza mancane amathuba okuba yenzeke lapho ithinta ingilazi encibilikisiwe, ukuze ingilazi ye-matrix ingangcoliswa. .
Izitini ezihlanganisiwe ze-αβ corundum ziminyene ekukhanyeni futhi zinokugqwala okuhle kakhulu engilazini encibilikisiwe ngaphansi kuka-1350 ° C, ngakho-ke zisetshenziswa kakhulu echibini lokusebenza nangale kweziko ezincibilikisa ingilazi, ngokuvamile kubawashi, izitini ezindebe, izitini zesango, njll. Izitini ze-corundum ezihlanganisiwe emhlabeni zenziwa kahle kakhulu u-Toshiba wase-Japan.
1.2 Isitini sika-β corundum esihlanganisiwe
Izitini ezihlanganisiwe ze-β-corundum zenziwe cishe nge-100% β-Al2 O 3, futhi zinepuleti enkulu efana ne-β-Al 2 O 3 crystalline structure. Enkulu futhi engenamandla. Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, inokumelana okuhle kwe-spalling, ikakhulukazi ikhombisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kakhulu kumhwamuko oqinile we-alkali, ngakho isetshenziswa esakhiweni esingaphezulu sesithando somlilo esincibilikisa ingilazi. Kodwa-ke, uma ishiswa emkhathini onokuqukethwe kwe-alkali ephansi, izosabela nge-SiO 2, futhi i-β-Al 2 O 3 izobola kalula futhi ibangele ukuncipha kwevolumu kubangele ukuqhekeka nokuqhekeka, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezikude kakhulu. ukusakazeka kwengilazi izinto zokusetshenziswa.
1.3 Izinto ezibonakalayo namakhemikhali zezitini ezihlanganisiwe ze-αβ kanye ne-β corundum
Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwezitini ezihlanganisiwe ze-α-β kanye ne-β corundum ikakhulukazi i-Al 2 O 3, umehluko ikakhulukazi ekubunjweni kwesigaba se-crystal, futhi umehluko ku-microstructure uholela ekuhlukeni kwezakhiwo zomzimba namakhemikhali ezifana nokushuba okuningi, ukwanda kokushisa. i-coefficient, namandla acindezelayo.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwezitini ze-corundum ezihlanganisiwe ezithandweni zokuncibilikisa ingilazi
Kokubili phansi kanye nodonga lwechibi kuxhumene ngqo noketshezi lwengilazi. Kuzo zonke izingxenye ezithintana ngokuqondile noketshezi lwengilazi, impahla ebaluleke kakhulu yezinto eziphikisayo ukumelana nokugqwala, okungukuthi, akukho ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okwenzeka phakathi kwezinto eziphikisayo kanye noketshezi lwengilazi.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, lapho kuhlolwa izinkomba zekhwalithi yezinto eziphikisayo ezihlanganisiwe ezithintana ngqo nengilazi encibilikisiwe, ngaphezu kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, izinkomba zomzimba namakhemikhali, nokwakheka kwamaminerali, lezi zinkomba ezintathu ezilandelayo kufanele futhi zihlolwe: Inkomba yokumelana nokuguguleka kwengilazi, imvula. inkomba yebhamuza kanye nenkomba ye-crystallization yezulu.
Ngezidingo eziphakeme zekhwalithi yengilazi kanye nomthamo omkhulu wokukhiqiza wesithando somlilo, ukusetshenziswa kwezitini zikagesi ezihlanganisiwe kuzoba banzi. Izitini ezihlanganisiwe ezivame ukusetshenziswa eziko ezincibilikisa ingilazi ziwuchungechunge lwe-AZS (Al 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 -SiO 2 ) izitini ezihlanganisiwe. Lapho izinga lokushisa lesitini se-AZS lingaphezu kuka-1350℃, ukumelana nokugqwala kwaso kuyizikhathi ezi-2~5 kunesitini sika-α β -Al 2 O 3. Izitini ezihlanganisiwe ze-αβ corundum zenziwe nge-α-alumina esondelene (53%) kanye nezinhlayiya ezinhle ze-β-alumina (45%), eziqukethe inani elincane lesigaba sengilazi (cishe i-2%), egcwalisa ama-pores phakathi kwamakristalu, ngokuhlanzeka okuphezulu, futhi ingasetshenziswa njengengxenye yokupholisa izitini zodonga lwechibi kanye nokupholisa ingxenye egandayiwe ephansi Izitini nezitini zomthungo njll.
Ukwakheka kwamaminerali kwezitini ezihlanganisiwe ze-αβ corundum kuqukethe kuphela inani elincane lesigaba sengilazi, esingeke siphume futhi singcolise uketshezi lwengilazi ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, futhi sinokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kanye nokumelana okuhle kakhulu kokushisa okuphezulu okungaphansi kuka-1350 ° C. ukupholisa ingxenye yesithando somlilo esincibilikisa ingilazi. Kuyimpahla efanelekile ephikisayo yezindonga zamathangi, phansi kwethangi kanye neziwashi zeziko lokuncibilikisa ingilazi entantayo. Kuphrojekthi yobunjiniyela bengilazi entantayo encibilika, isitini esihlanganisiwe se-αβ corundum sisetshenziswa njengesitini sodonga lwechibi lwengxenye yokupholisa yesithando somlilo esincibilikisa ingilazi. Ukwengeza, izitini ezihlanganisiwe ze-αβ corundum nazo zisetshenziselwa izitini ze-pavement kanye nokumboza izitini ezihlangene esigabeni sokupholisa.
Isitini esihlanganisiwe se-β corundum siwumkhiqizo omhlophe owenziwe ngamakristalu ama-β -Al2 O 3 amaholo, aqukethe i-92%~95% Al 2 O 3, isigaba sengilazi esingaphansi kuka-1% kuphela, futhi amandla aso esakhiwo abuthakathaka ngenxa ye-crystal lattice. . Okuphansi, i-porosity ebonakalayo ingaphansi kuka-15%. Njengoba i-Al2O3 ngokwayo igcwele i-sodium ngaphezu kuka-2000 ° C, izinzile kakhulu ngokumelene nomhwamuko we-alkali emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, futhi ukuqina kwayo kokushisa nakho kuhle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lapho uthintana ne-SiO 2, i-Na 2 O equkethwe ku-β-Al 2 O 3 ibola futhi isabela nge-SiO2, futhi i-β-Al 2 O 3 iguqulwa kalula ibe yi-α-Al 2 O 3, okuholela kuvolumu enkulu. ukushwabana , okubangela imifantu nomonakalo. Ngakho-ke, ifaneleka kuphela izakhiwo ezinkulu ezikude nothuli olundizayo lwe-SiO2, njengesakhiwo esikhulu sechibi elisebenzayo lesithando somlilo esincibilikisa ingilazi, i-spout engemuva kwendawo encibilikayo kanye nothango lwaso oluseduze, izinga lomlilo elincane nezinye izingxenye.
Ngenxa yokuthi ayisabeli ngama-alkali ensimbi ensimbi, ngeke kube khona into encibilikisiwe ephuma endaweni yezitini ukuze ingcolise ingilazi. Esithandweni esincibilikisa ingilazi entantayo, ngenxa yokuncipha okungazelelwe kokungena kwesiteshi sokugeleza sengxenye yokupholisa, kulula ukubangela ukufiphala komhwamuko we-alkali lapha, ngakho-ke umzila wokugeleza lapha wenziwe ngezitini ezihlanganisiwe ze-β ezimelana. ukugqwala ngesitimu se-alkaline.
3. Isiphetho
Ngokusekelwe ezakhiweni ezinhle kakhulu zezitini ze-corundum ezihlanganisiwe mayelana nokumelana nokuguguleka kwengilazi, ukumelana negwebu, nokumelana namatshe, ikakhulukazi ukwakheka kwayo okuyingqayizivele kwekristalu, ayingcolisi neze ingilazi encibilikisiwe. Kunezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile ebhandeni lokucacisa, isigaba sokupholisa, umgijimi, isithando somlilo esincane nezinye izingxenye.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-05-2024